b'Caroline told him that her goal was to wipe out started going up to my moms reservation that Ithese behavioral problems within the housing realized the impact of the lack of traditionsweprojects and the process was too slow. Her were pulled apart trying to fit in to the dominantdads response was that that this approach society and not being able to practice traditionalwould fail; instead, he encouraged her to try to ways. Though Caroline was not the oldest child,create a balance, as these problems had she took the role of mother guided by her father.been in existence for hundreds and hundreds of Caroline faced more loss at a young age, losingyears. To do this, he emphasized that Caroline her husband at 20 years of age when she wasneeded to nurture the youth, guide through only 19 herself, and relied heavily on Yaqui waysexamples, observe them, see their strengths, in order to cope with her grief. My father and hisand affirm them. Though she did not brother were descendants of medicine peopleunderstand the science at that time, this way of [and] mentored me throughthat was my healingunderstanding protective factors has guided process, Caroline shared, emphasizing theCarolines work ever since.effectiveness of Tribal practices in supporting herthrough her grief. Continuing to reflect on her childhood inMonterey and Salinas, California, Caroline Early in her career, Carolines understanding thatnoted, I realized somewhere along the way prevention and intervention strategies that maythat what seemed to work for other families, work with some will not work with others led herother communities, didnt seem to quite fit with to become known as the adaptor. She said, [inour family dynamics. Carolines mother was a my time working with a grant with the Universitymember of the Confederated Tribes of Warm of Washington,] I learned that in the academicSprings and her father was Yaqui from Mexico. research world, theres so much opportunity forGrowing up away from the reservation, error because they take out that human factorCaroline noted, had a marked impact on her and we dont all respond the same way.mother. Caroline shared that her mother left Caroline continued to suggest cultural-basedCaroline and her 11 siblings after struggling with practice as an adaptive, alternative approach toboarding school trauma and the death of evidence-based practice, bringing an awarenessCarolines younger sister at 10 months old and to the ways in which Westernized programmingbegan to drink in excess. While Caroline could and assessment can be both inaccessible andnot understand the complexities as a young ineffective in Tribal communities. When I waschild, she now sees that the absence of working with the Addictions and Mental Healthtraditional practices in the burial of her younger Division with the state of Oregon, we received asister was her first real glimpse into the harmful grant with the University of Washington from theeffects of stripping away tradition. My father, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Servicescoming from Mexico, did not want to violate Administration (SAMSHA). It was through thisany of the dominant society rules in terms of grant that Caroline was introduced to twoburials. Neither parent could do [the burial in] researchers with the School of Social Work on riskthe traditional way. That impacted our family and protective factors, David Hawkins, PhD anddynamics. Caroline continued, it wasnt until I Richard Catelano, PhD. In the early 1980s,5'